History of Cusco
POLITICSRuth Bader Ginsburg optimistic ‘over the long haul’ for US Quis autem vel eum iure reprehenderit qui in ea voluptate velit esse quam nihil molestiae consequatur, vel illum qui.
Cusco: A Journey Through History
Cusco, positioned in the Andes Mountains at 11,152 feet (3,399 meters), is a city with layers of history. From its Inca origins to its colonial transformation, Cusco’s past is visible everywhere. This article offers a straightforward look at the history of Cusco for travelers interested in understanding its rich heritage.
Getting to Cusco
To begin your historical exploration, you need to arrive in Cusco. The most common entry is through Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport (CUZ), close to the city. Buses from other Peruvian cities offer another way to arrive, though the journeys can be lengthy. Both airport and bus stations are gateways to Cusco’s historical center.
What to Wear for Historical Exploration
Comfortable and practical clothing suits historical exploration in Cusco. Wear layers, as weather can change during the day. Sturdy walking shoes are important for navigating old streets and historical sites. Sun protection like a hat and sunscreen is also recommended due to the high altitude and strong sun.
Best Time to Visit for History Tours
The dry season, spanning from May to September, is generally considered the best time to explore Cusco’s history. Less rain means clearer skies and better conditions for walking around historical sites. This period is also peak tourist season, so expect more visitors at historical landmarks. The shoulder months may offer a balance of good weather and fewer crowds.
Recommended Historical Tours in Cusco
To delve into Cusco’s history, consider these tours and sites:
- Cusco City Historical Tour: Focuses on key historical sites in the city center, like Plaza de Armas, Cusco Cathedral, Qorikancha, and San Blas, explaining their historical context.
- Sacsayhuamán Guided Visit: Explore the massive Inca fortress and learn about its role in Cusco’s history, especially the Inca resistance against the Spanish.
- Museum of Pre-Columbian Art Tour: Offers a detailed look at ancient Peruvian art and artifacts, providing context for understanding pre-Inca and Inca cultures in the Cusco region.
- Qorikancha and Santo Domingo Convent Tour: Examines the layers of history at Qorikancha, from Inca Temple of the Sun to Spanish colonial convent, showcasing cultural fusion.
- San Blas Neighborhood Walk: Explore the historically artisan neighborhood, learning about its colonial and more recent artistic heritage.
What to Bring for History Tours
- Comfortable Walking Shoes: Essential for exploring historical sites, many of which involve walking on uneven surfaces and up hills.
- Tourist Ticket (Boleto Turístico) or Individual Tickets: For many historical sites, you’ll need an entrance ticket. The Boleto Turístico covers multiple sites, while individual tickets may be available for specific locations. Check ticket requirements for your chosen historical sites.
- Water: Staying hydrated is important, particularly when exploring at Cusco’s altitude of 11,152 feet (3,399 meters), and while walking between sites.
- Guidebook or Historical Information: Having a guidebook or some historical background information can enrich your understanding and appreciation of the sites.
- Small Notebook and Pen (Optional): For taking notes if you are particularly interested in details or want to sketch something at a historical site.
Common Historical Site Considerations
When exploring historical sites in Cusco, be aware of:
- Entrance fees: Most historical sites require tickets. Factor these costs into your budget and check if a Boleto Turístico is economical for your plans.
- Altitude effects: Cusco’s high altitude can make physical activity more tiring. Pace yourself when walking around historical sites, especially those uphill like Sacsayhuamán.
- Photography rules: Some museums or churches may have restrictions on photography, especially flash photography. Check guidelines upon entry.
- Respect for sites: Treat historical places with respect. Avoid touching or climbing on fragile structures unless permitted, and follow any posted rules or guide instructions.
Recommended Age for History Tours
Cusco’s historical tours can be engaging for a range of ages, but consider these points:
- Children and teenagers: Older children and teenagers can appreciate Cusco’s history, especially sites like Sacsayhuamán. Make tours interactive and engaging for younger children to keep their interest.
- Adults: Adults interested in history and culture will find Cusco very rewarding. Tours cater to various levels of historical knowledge.
- Seniors: Seniors can enjoy historical tours, but mobility should be considered. Opt for tours that are not too physically demanding, or use taxis to minimize walking distances between sites.
About Local People and Cusco’s History
Cusco’s history is deeply intertwined with its contemporary population. Many Cusqueños are proud of their Inca and colonial heritage. You’ll find local guides who are knowledgeable and passionate about sharing Cusco’s history. Engage with locals respectfully to learn more about living history in Cusco today.
Culture and Traditions Reflecting Cusco’s History
Cusco’s culture is a living testament to its history:
- Inca Legacy: Visible in stone architecture, especially foundations of colonial buildings and at sites like Qorikancha and Sacsayhuamán. Quechua language, still spoken, is another aspect of Inca heritage.
- Colonial Influence: Evident in architecture of churches, plazas, and mansions. Catholic traditions and Spanish language are colonial legacies.
- Festivals and Reenactments: Events like Inti Raymi celebrate Inca history and traditions, keeping them alive in modern Cusco.
- Museums and Cultural Centers: Offer deeper insights into both Inca and colonial periods of Cusco’s history through artifacts and exhibits.
Final Tips for Exploring Cusco’s History
Exploring Cusco’s history is a central part of visiting the city. Allow ample time to visit historical sites and museums. Consider hiring a local guide to enrich your understanding. For travelers interested in similar historical cities, consider exploring other locations in Peru with rich colonial and pre-Columbian history like Trujillo or Arequipa, or even cities in Mexico like Oaxaca which offer a blend of indigenous and colonial histories, though each with distinct cultural flavors. Enjoy your historical journey through Cusco!